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The
history of Runes has both a symbolic, mythical root as well
as a literal source.
Its mystical ancestry is found in the legend of the chief
god Odin, which tells the story of how, in Odin’s quest
for wisdom, he discovered the Runes, thus the befitting name,
Odin’s Runes.
The exact origins of the runic alphabet on the
other hand are still debatable, but it is generally agreed
that it is derived from the North. Bronze Age rock carvings
found in Northern Europe, such as the Hellerisninger, whose
symbols and imagery are identifiable in some of the Runes,
are also a likely source of influence.
In the wake of the unification of the Northern
European tribes, the early Runic alphabet was used a means
of systemizing aspects of their life, both mystical and secular,
giving the letters meanings which were usually used for protection,
inscribed into practically everything. One of the oldest and
most complete examples of Runic inscriptions, which lists the
alphabet in order, is the Kylver stone, dating from the 5th
century and is found in Gotland, Sweden. Other artifacts
also show a significant solidity in the order of the symbolic
script. Greatly used and respected in nearly all aspects of
life by the Northern Europeans until about the 8th Century,
Runes were faced with near obliteration with the coming of
the Christian crusaders. Like most of the magic and pagan
arts at this time, the Runic way of life was banned, with
many Rune masters executed and artifacts destroyed. Recorded
written evidence of the actual names and meanings of the Runes,
were not found until the wake of Christianity, and many of
these were in the form of Rune Poetry.
A revival in the Rune lore began in the mid-19th
century, with Scandinavian and German scholars sparking an
enthusiastic interest in the symbolic script, weighting their
cultural significance in scientific terms. Also revived by
German scholars in the years leading up to World War II, the
Runes came to be associated with Nazi ideology and consequently
lost much its popularity until the 1980’s, when the
trend for “New Age” spirituality emerged. |